su min (violet) hong

type: paper
title: WNT-induced association of Frizzled and LRP6 is not sufficient for the initiation of WNT/β-catenin signaling
year: 2025
authors:
  - Voss, Jan Hendrik
  - Koszegi, Zsombor
  - Yan, Yining
  - Shorter, Emily
  - Grätz, Lukas
  - Lanner, Johanna T.
  - Calebiro, Davide
  - Schulte, Gunnar
journal: Nature Communications
doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-60096-7
url: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-60096-7
project:
  - IGP
system:
  - plasma_membrane
  - wnt_receptor_complex
  - signalosome
  - beta_catenin_destruction_complex
disease:
  - cancer
  - fibrosis
genes:
  - fzd5
  - fzd4
  - fzd7
  - lrp6
  - dvl
  - beta_catenin
processes:
  - receptor_association
  - receptor_clustering
  - membrane_confinement
  - signal_initiation
  - beta_catenin_stabilization
  - receptor_phosphorylation
  - transcriptional_activation
methods:
  - nanobret
  - single_molecule_tracking
  - tirf_microscopy
  - topflash_reporter_assay
  - rna_sequencing
  - photobleaching_step_analysis
key_findings:
  - ligand_induced_receptor_association
  - signaling_independent_complex_formation
  - clustering_required_for_signaling
  - phosphorylation_downstream_of_clustering
  - allosteric_modulation_by_scaffold
limitations:
  - cell_line_specific_context
  - incomplete_physiological_validation
  - unresolved_downstream_specification
relevance:
  - challenges_signalosome_dogma
  - decouples_binding_from_signaling
  - informs_wnt_therapeutic_design
concepts:
-   two_step_wnt_signal_initiation
  - receptor_clustering_thresholds
  - ligand_biased_wnt_signaling
  - membrane_nanoscale_organization
tags:
  - wnt_signaling
  - receptor_dynamics
  - signal_initiation
  - membrane_biology

Abstract

The Wingless/Int-1 (WNT) signaling network is essential to orchestrate central physiological processes such as embryonic development and tissue homeostasis. In the currently held tenet, WNT/β-catenin signaling is initiated by WNT-induced recruitment of Frizzleds (FZDs) and LRP5/6 followed by the formation of a multiprotein signalosome complex. Here, we use bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) to show that different WNT paralogs dynamically trigger FZD-LRP6 association. While WNT-induced receptor interaction was independent of C-terminal LRP6 phosphorylation, it was allosterically modulated by binding of the phosphoprotein Dishevelled (DVL) to FZD. WNT-16B emerged as a ligand of particular interest, as it efficiently promoted FZD-LRP6 association but, unlike WNT-3A, did not lead to WNT/β-catenin signaling. Transcriptomic analysis further revealed distinct transcriptional fingerprints of WNT-3A and WNT-16B stimulation in HEK293 cells. Additionally, single-molecule tracking demonstrated that, despite increasing FZD5 and LRP6 confinement, WNT-16B stimulation did not result in formation of higher-order receptor clusters, in contrast to WNT-3A. Our results suggest that FZD-WNT-LRP5/6 complex formation alone is not sufficient for the initiation of WNT/β-catenin signaling. Instead, we propose a two-step model, where initial ligand-induced FZD-LRP6 association must be followed by receptor clustering into higher-order complexes and subsequent phosphorylation of LRP6 for efficient activation of WNT/β-catenin signaling.

Key Findings

Methods

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